• The sediment pH in the entire stretch of river Ganga ranged from 7.3 to 8.46 through out the season indicates alkaline nature of sediment of Ganga river bed. The highest average soil pH value of 8.46 was recorded at Farrukhabad.
• Average specific conductivity of the sediment in the entire stretch of river Ganga ranged from 0.14 to 5.59 mS/cm. Highest average specific conductivity of 59 mS/cm was recorded at Fraserganj as higher range of specific conductivity was found at brackishwater to estuarine zone.
• The highest average available phosphorus value of 83 mg/100g was recorded at Tehri.
• The sediment available nitrogen in the entire stretch ranges from 4.9 to 12.56 mg/100g. Highest average available nitrogen value of 56 mg/100g was recorded at Tribeni.
• The Free CaCO3 of sediment in the entire stretch ranged from to 4.68 to 10.15%. Highest average Free CaCO3 value of 15%. was recorded at Bhagalpur.
• Organic carbon accumulation in sediment was noted in few locations like Bijnor (above barrage; 1.14%) due to partially stagnant water and estuarine zone (like Fraserganj1.08%) due to mangrove area. On the other hand, slightly acidic sediment pH was noticed in hilly stretch of river Ganga during some occasions (Range 6.55 to 9.01; Average 8.02). Sandification of river bed (>90% sand) is a matter of concern especially upper and middle stretch of river up to Prayagraj (Range 30 to 100 %; Average 76.48%).